Packaged products are repeatedly loaded, unloaded, handled, and stacked throughout the distribution process. Drops and impacts during these activities can damage the packaging or the product inside. Handling tests under ASTM D4169 Schedule A simulate these stresses under controlled conditions to evaluate the protective performance of the packaging system.
During distribution, impacts can affect not only the outer packaging but also internal protective materials and closure systems. A drop onto a corner or edge may cause different types of damage than a drop onto a flat surface.
Handling tests help evaluate how the outer packaging, internal supports, and product respond to these impacts together. This allows potential weaknesses in the packaging design and factors that may compromise product protection to be identified.
The test method is selected based on the packaging dimensions, weight, and expected handling conditions during distribution. For manually handled packages, drops or impacts are applied to specified faces, edges, and corners according to the test plan. Test intensity, sequence, and orientations are determined based on the selected distribution cycle, assurance level, and packaging characteristics.
After testing, the outer packaging is inspected for crushing, tears, openings, or damage to its joints and closures. Whether visible damage to the outer packaging is acceptable depends on its ability to protect the product and the required packaging performance.
ASTM D4169 — Schedule A: Handling – Manual and Mechanical
ASTM D5276 — Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
Drops and impacts during distribution can expose weaknesses in your packaging design. A well-defined test plan helps you evaluate these risks under controlled conditions.
At NioReg, we help you select appropriate handling tests based on your product characteristics, packaging design, weight, and distribution conditions.
Discuss Your Handling Test Plan